2.1.1 Bitcoin Blockchain

Bitcoin is the first application to use the blockchain, and blockchain technology is the bottom layer of the decentralized ledger developed from the study of Bitcoin. In layman's terms, in the internet world, we cannot complete a transaction without a third party. For example, if I buy something from someone but I don't know them, and also they don't know me, if I paid the money but they didn'tship it and I could do nothing about it In this case, electronic malls and third-party payments were born, such as Amazon and eBay, which are centralized transaction models. The blockchain solves the problem of trust through technical means. Without the need for a third party, you can verify each other through the mode of the data block, so as to achieve the purpose of being unable to tamper with and unable to commita crime.

However, at present, since the Bitcoin blockchain has no virtual machine and has not introduced a Turing-complete mechanism, its scalability is poor, making it extremely difficult to develop applications in it Although the introduction of the Lightning Network has made the Bitcoin blockchain more possible, it still cannot keep up with the increasing demand for applications.